The Penalty Phase Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Penalty Phase - Essay Example To add on this, the jury already had a verdict; Esherman was guilty of more than 30 charges against him. He was convicted of mutilating, raping and murdering 17 teenage girls. Shortly after this verdict was given, Hoffman is tipped by about violation of the defendant’s rights during interrogation. He finds out that the evidences used against Esherman were not obtained legally. The search warrant used was invalid thus the arresting officers had violated Esherman’s constitutional rights. This renders the whole procedure void. Further probing reveals corruption on part of the district attorneys and lawyers, some of whom are running on Hoffman’s political slate. Hoffman realizes that if he undertakes the appropriate legal action, he will definitely destroy his political career. He is caught in the middle of a legal storm and is faced with a profound legal dilemma: Should he honor every stroke of the law, and incur public wrath and loose every hope of being re-elected or should he deliver justice to the perpetrator and risk destroying his political life? The ethical dilemma from the perspective of each main character The main characters in the movie are Hoffman, Esherman, the prosecutor, and Hoffman’s main opponent, Susan Jansen. Hoffman feels that he has a legal obligation to defend the rule of law and consequently Esherman’s rights. ... According to them, nothing should be reversed in favor of Esherman and this is seen when Jansen takes advantage of the media coverage to popularize an image of Hoffman as a liberal who is soft on criminals. How the dilemma was resolved Hoffman’s ultimate actions and rationale represents the part of the movie that was splendidly executed. Having considered his personal, public and legal interests, Hoffman decided to rule the case in favor of Esherman. Through a clear interpretation of the law and especially in regard to the legality of evidences, Hoffman declared the whole process invalid because of the violation of the defendants and the corruption involved. He based his exclusion of the evidence on the way it was obtained. In doing so, Hoffman already beat his opponents by throwing the blame to the police for their unwarranted conduct when collecting evidence and satisfying the interests of the public by according justice to Esherman. The kind of ethical framework that best d escribes how the dilemma was analyzed and resolved. The kind of ethical framework that describes how the dilemma was analyzed and resolved is the need for zealous prosecution. This ethical framework requires that legal professionals should not only seek to prosecute. They should also seek for justice for the offenders including those found guilty. This framework is based on ethical theories like rule utilitarianism. This theory supports the exclusionary rule because the long-term impacts of allowing illegal police behaviour will be more costly than allowing one criminal free. This framework therefore supports the power to use discretion among judges. Pollock (2004) explains that the use of discretion occurs in

Julius Caesar Biography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Julius Caesar Biography - Essay Example Whatever he achieved in his life were rightly deserved. Amidst all this, it can be safely said, that geniuses at times have a flaw in them, which leads to their downfall and doom. Julius Caesar lived to this category and matched it to perfection. During his life, he managed to attain those heights which many others together could not manage doing so. His life was full of events. He made his way out of trouble and tough times and earned himself the name of being one of the best rulers of his time. Marcus Tullius Cicero the great orator who lived in the same era quite rightly defined Julius Caesar â€Å"A realist by his fingertips, not led astray by ideals or ideologies. He was not afraid to temporarily grovel†. (BookRags). ... 360) Julius Caesar was born in a family representing a humble background .His childhood days were mostly spent in the neighborhood of Rome .It would not be wrong to say that the political events of unrest taking place in the background of his childhood, left an impact on his mind and guided him taking an inspiration from the unrest and followed the ways in same manner later in his life .Childhood was spent in rough pattern and the entire family found it difficult making both ends meet. This was brought up by various reasons, one of them being the civil war in those days that was going on in the surroundings. Teenage life was one of the toughest times in his life where he was totally broke. While he was still in his teen age, things took turn for the better when he joined the Army and spent some time there. He started showing his abilities soon after and in the battle against Rome he performed above his abilities and saved number of his companions in the battle field. From here on, hi s life kept taking turns and events kept occurring during his life. In 80 B.C he earned himself the civil crown during the capture of Mytilene (Caesar and Kennedy) .Later on he went on to achieve the distinction of becoming the military tribune. The journey of success continued in various forms of promotion through the ranks till he became the all superior and top ranked. His personal life was never stable and from the beginning kept shifting between dark and light color. Got married at early age yet things were not smooth on this front .The wife was from a rich background and she by chance happened to belong to the family that was in opposition to the then rules, hence his personal peace and marriage landed in the hands of political intrigues and personal enmities and he had to take

Agile Software Development Methodologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Agile Software Development Methodologies - Essay Example This paper presents an overview of the agile software development methodologies. The basic purpose of this research is to show that 'agile software development methodologies' are a superior design method that is why Scrum and XP rapidly emerging frameworks as  methodologies. This software development methodology is simple and much faster than all other traditional software development approaches. Basically, agile software development methodologies are based on iterations. In this scenario, small teams work jointly with other project stakeholders or customer to make out rapid prototypes, proof of concepts, or a wide variety of features in an attempt to classify the issue to be solved. In addition, the project team determines the necessary requirements for the iteration, develops the prototype, creates and runs suitable test scripts, and the user of the system authenticates the results of the tests. In the entire scenario, confirmation appears much earlier in the project development life cycle than it would with other traditional software development methodologies, and as a result allowing stakeholders to change requirements at the same time as they are still moderately painless to change (Serena, 2007; Rehman, ullah, Rauf, & Shahid, 2010). As discussed above, agile software development methodologies adopt the incremental and iterative way to improve the efficiency and usefulness of the overall software development process. ... bt, the customer’s contribution and active participation in the software development process helps software project teams build exact and high quality product. Another most important advantage of agile software development methodologies is that they do not engage a lot of documentation for the reason that the software development team depends almost completely on informal internal communication. In addition, agile software development methodologies offer an excellent support for the implementation of changes and continually revising any other stage of the software development process. Additionally, the outcomes of the agile software development methodologies come out in small incremental editions or releases keeping in mind the changing requirements of the project. If a change has been made to the existing requirements, then it is updated in the next iteration. Thus, the basic goal of agile software development methodologies is to give pleasure to the customers by satisfying t heir requirements at any stage of the project development life cycle (Rehman, ullah, Rauf, & Shahid, 2010; Boehm & Turner, 2003). In addition, the agile software development methodologies are aimed at effectively dealing with the changes throughout the software development process. For instance, agile development methodologies such as SCRUM, Feature-Driven Development, and eXtreme Programming (XP) intend to minimize the expenses of changes all the way through the software development life cycle. In this scenario, XP is based on the quick iterative planning and development cycles with the intention of forcing trade-offs and offering the utmost value characteristics as soon as possible. Also, XP incorporates a wonderful characteristic recognized as â€Å"constant and systemic testing† to

Resistance to Change Essay Example for Free

Resistance to Change Essay The formula states that, to overcome the resistance to change, these three components must all be present (dissatisfaction, vision, and first steps). An organization must have dissatisfaction with the current situation, a vision of the possibilities the future can bring, and attainable first steps to reach the vision. â€Å"If any of the three is zero or near zero, the product will also be zero or near zero and the resistance to change will dominate† (Rouda Kusy, 1995). One of the models of OD interventions is Action Research. It follows three major procedures. First, data would be collected regarding the current system in relation to the objective, goal, or need of that system. Then, selected variables within the system would be altered based on the research. Finally, the results would be evaluated (French Bell, 1990 cited in Rouda Kusy, 1995). On the other hand, training and development (TD) is a learning process that involves a systematic development of individuals’ expertise to improve the performance of the individual and the organization (Swanson, 2003; Rouda Kusy, 1996). The desired results of TD can be classified into four categories: reaction, learning, behavior or performance, and outcome or results. Reaction involves the evaluation of the training program (e. g. , trainee satisfaction). Learning focuses on the change in the participants after the training (e. g. , change in skills, knowledge, or attitudes). Behavior or performance is the application of learning gained from the training to the job or organization. Finally, outcomes or results relate the impact of training on the productivity and profitability of the organization. TD is usually evaluated using the last two categories, i. e. , the transfer of learning to the success of the organization and its overall impact on the organization (Kirkpatrick, 1983 cited in Rouda Kusy, 1996). For effective and efficient training, a planned instructional systems design (ISD) process is implemented for the assessment, design, development, implementation and evaluation of training. ISD begins with organizational needs assessment, which involves â€Å"surveying, identifying and prioritizing training needs, analyzing the causes of performance problems and opportunities, and identifying possible solutions. † Needs assessment is necessary to determine if the training will be cost-effective and if it is the appropriate solution (Rouda Kusy, 1996). The training design should include an analysis of the learners’ characteristics, the place where work will be performed, and the expected tasks and duties to be performed by the trainees. A complete review of the subject matter should also be conducted and the goals and performance objectives of the training must be established. A plan to evaluate the training should be devised and the instructional materials and strategies must be obtained, prepared, and pre-tested. Factors Affecting the Future Trends of HRD Practices A study was conducted by Ruona and her colleagues (2002) to identify the factors affecting the practice of HRD and its role in the future. Results showed that globalization, technology, changing organization and workforce demographics, and the ability of HRD to keep up with the changes in the environment are the forces that influence HRD. The prevalence of globalization requires HRD practitioners to understand and integrate further intercultural practices in the organization, as opposed to imposing a western view on individuals in other countries. The rapid technological development, on the other hand, would have a significant impact on learning practices, such as e-learning and virtual offices. Hopkins and her associates (2006) added that the scarcity of computer literate employees poses an overwhelming challenge in creating HRD programs, as it hampers instruction and learning process. Meanwhile, as globalization and technology prompt changes in the organization, the workforce demographics have become increasingly diversified, driving the force that would revolutionize HRD practices. Thus, there is a need to examine whether current HRD practices of an organization have the ability to adapt to the changing conditions in the organization (Ruona, et al. , 2002). Changes in the role of HRD in future were also identified. The findings of the study revealed that learning, change and organization system, and knowledge management and creation are the key roles of HRD in an organization. HRD practitioners identified learning and human development as the highest competitive advantage of the field. They emphasized the importance of the effective use and systematic integration of learning methodologies in the organization. They urge HRD to focus on creating cultures that would foster an environment that is truly conducive to learning, such as assigning challenging tasks and implementing reward systems that encourage learning. The rapid changes taking place in the organization also require HRD practitioners to assist people to overcome their resistance to the changes. These people also need to be assisted in coping up with the changes. Future trends also dictate that HRD must fulfill its role in creating and managing knowledge to prevent information overload (Ruona, et al. , 2002). Conclusion Akdere, M. Conceicao, S. (2006). Integration of human resource development and adult education theories and practices: Implications for organizational learning. Academy of Human Resource Development International Conference Proceedings, 295-301. Columbus, Ohio De Silva, S. Human resource development for competitiveness: a priority for employers. Geneva: ILO, 1998

Process of Meiosis | Experiment

Process of Meiosis | Experiment In this experiment we observed the process of meiosis by looking at different slides. Meiosis is a process in which a diploid (2n) parent cell is divided into four haploid (n) daughter cells. The daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis mainly occurs in sex cells (gametes) of humans through the process of spermatogenesis (males) or oogenesis (females). It is essential for sexual reproduction, and thus is seen in all eukaryotes that reproduce sexually. Before the cell undergoes meiosis, it first replicates its DNA. Meiosis includes 2 cycles of division- meiosis I and meiosis II. After meiosis I is completed, DNA is not replicated, which leads to the final daughter cells being haploid (n). The first step of meiosis I is prophase I. During prophase I, DNA can be exchanged between homologous chromosomes by tetrads crossing over, a process referred to as recombination. The new combination of DNA provides for genetic variation for the daughter cells. I n addition, in prophase I, the nuclear envelope disintegrates, and the two centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell. In metaphase I, homologous chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate (site where the cell will divide) in pairs. The side at which homologous pairs will lineup is random and further improves the chances for genetic variation. The centrioles attach kinetochore microtubules to the chromosomes, so that they can be pulled apart to the different ends as the cell divides. In anaphase I, the microtubules shorten, pulling the pairs of homologous chromosomes apart from one another. In telophase I, the chromosomes arrive at their respective ends and the cell divides to form two haploid cells. The nuclear membrane is reformed, and the microtubules disappear. The chromosomes uncoil back into chromatin. Note, that even though the first meiotic division led to two haploid cells, each chromosome still contains a pair of sister chromatids. Thus, meiosis II begins without DNA replicating beforehand. The steps in meiosis II are very similar to the ones in meiosis I. In prophase II, the nuclear envelope disintegrates, the centrioles move to the opposite end of the pole, the chromosomes condense and prepare for the second division. In metaphase II, the chromosomes again line up randomly at the plate, but this time independently, not in pairs. The spindle network is formed is also formed. In anaphase II, the sister chromatids are pulled apart and move toward the opposite ends of the pole. Lastly, in telophase II, the cells are cleaved and the nuclear envelope reappears. The chromosomes uncoil and the end result is 4 haploid daughter cells. In spermatogenesis, the 4 daughter cells are the spermatids. However, in oogenesis, even though 4 haploid daughter cells are created, 3 are polar bodies, while the last is an ootid (egg), which might be fertilized by a spermatid. During fertilization (when the spermatid and ootid join), the number of chromosomes reverts b ack to 2n (diploid). The random alignment and crossing over are very important to the process of meiosis because they provide for greater genotypic diversity. However, if the chromosomes are not able to separate, several errors can arise. Klinefelter and Turner syndromes are due to nondisjunction, during which there is an extra X chromosome present in males, or missing an X chromosome in females, respectively (Russell, 346-349). We also observed the life cycle of the insect drosophila. We will be experimenting on them in the coming weeks. This insect serves as a great experimental organism in the field of genetics due to its short, unique life cycle, and since Mendels laws of inheritance (law of segregation, law of independent assortment) are clearly visible when they mate. The law of segregation states that when any individual produces gametes, the copies of a gene separate so that each gamete receives only one copy. The law of independent assortment states that alleles of differen t genes assort independently from each other during gamete formation. The purpose of this experiment was to familiarize ourselves with the process of meiosis and the insect drosophila, as we will be working with them in future experiments. We used slides from human testis, rat testis, and chorthippus testis, to compare the process of meiosis in different eukaryotes. I predict that I will be able to see the stages of prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase in the slides. Hypothesis: I believe that the process of meiosis will be the same in all three eukaryotes, and I will be able to view the cells differentiating. I should be able to see the different structures of the insects and be able to distinguish male and female drosophilas based on their appearance. I believe that I will be able to witness the different stages of meiosis in the slides. Methods: Obtain the slides and the compound light microscope from the instructor. Place the first slide on the stage of the microscope (the microscope should be on the lowest power- 40x) and use the coarse adjustment knob to focus the slide. Turn to the next highest power (100x), and this time, use only the fine adjustment knob to bring the slide into focus. Turn the microscope to the 400x power, and again focus the slide. Sketch what you see on a separate sheet of paper and label the different structures. Before moving on to the oil immersion power, put a little drop of oil in the middle of the slide. Focus the image under oil immersion and sketch the results once again. After youre done sketching the slide, lower the stage and put the microscope back to the lowest power (CAUTION: be careful not to get oil on the 400x power when turning the objectives as this will ruin the lens). Repeat these steps for the rest of the slides (NOTE: for the drosophila male and female slide, the lowest power, 40x, is good enough to get a good overview). The slides we viewed were: chorthippus testis, generalized animal cell, human chromosome (metaphase state), turtle liver mitochondria, drosophila chromosome, drosophila (male and female), rat testis, and human testis. At the end of the experiment, clean all the slides that have oil on them, wipe the oil immersion lens, and return the materials to the instructor. Results: Questions: 1. What major chromosomal event occurs between leptonema and zygonema? Between leptonema and zygonema, the major chromosomal event that occurs is the pairing of the homologous chromosomes. 2. Do any of the chromosomes at zygonema appear to consist of two parallel parts? How do you account for this appearance? Yes, chromosomes at zygonema appear to consist of two parallel parts, which is probably due to the paired homologues. 3. Consult your textbook for a definition of the term chromomere. Can you detect chromomeres in any of the meiotic cells you are examining? At what substages of prophase I are chromomeres evident? Chromomeres are dark regions of chromatin condensation. Yes, you can detect chromomeres in meitotic cells; they are usually seen in zygonema of prophase I. 4. Do you observe a large, darkly staining structure in the nucleus during leptonema and zygonema? This body represents an already highly condensed (heterochromatic) X chromosome. Can you follow the fate of this chromosome through the rest of the substages of prophase I and metaphase I? Yes, it should be possible to follow the fate of this chromosome through the rest of the substages of prophase I and metaphase I. This X chromosome will not align with the rest of the chromosomes at the metaphase plate and will be near one end of the splitting cell or the other. 5. Briefly list major differences between zygonema and pachynema. At zygonema, the chromosomes are much less condensed than those at pachynema. Crossing over occurs at pachynema. The number of chromosomes can be determined at pachynema, but not at zygonema. 6. Locate cells in diplonema. Can you observe a) the two homologous chromosomes in a pair? b) individual chromatids in a chromosome? c) chiasmata? a) Yes, the homologous chromosomes in pairs are visible. b) Yes, the chromatids are also visible, since the chromosomes at this stage are much coiled. c) Yes, the chiasmata is visible, it is the point where the pair of homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. 7. Because of the degree of condensation of the chromosomes, diakinesis is an ideal stage at which to determine the chromosome number. Count the chromosomes in a grasshopper cell at diakinesis. Record the number here. Does this represent the diploid number? Justify your answer. Note that sex in grasshoppers is determined by an XO mechanism in which the female is XX, but the male has a single X chromosome. Therefore, the X chromosome that you observe in diakinesis is not a tetrad. What is the significance of this information for determining chromosome number in grasshopper males versus females? Since grasshopper males are missing an X chromosome, to find their diploid number of chromosomes, one would have to count the haploid number (n), double it (2n), but then subtract 1, since it is missing an X chromosome. In females, the subtraction will not be necessary; they will always have double their haploid number of chromosomes (example- if haploid number equals 14 chromosomes, male diploid number will equal (2n-1 = 28-1) 27 chromosomes, while the females will have 28 chromosomes in a diploid cell). 8. Observe several cells in metaphase I. Do you notice a chromosome in an unusual position with respect to the other chromosomes in the cell? What chromosome might this be? Yes, this chromosome could be the X or Y chromosome. 9. Can you find cells in other stages of meiosis or sperm differentiation? If so, briefly describe their appearance and state what stages you think they might be. Yes, it is possible to find other stages of meiosis. In metaphase, the chromosomes are lined up at the metaphase plate. In anaphase, the chromosomes are being pulled apart, and in telophase the cells should be separating via cytokinesis. Conclusion: The process of meiosis is very complicated, but is necessary for sexual reproduction. There are five substages of prophase I in meiosis. Prophase I is the most important stage in meiosis, since this is the stage where crossing over occurs between homologous pairs of chromosomes, which is essential for genetic variation. The first substage is leptonema where chromosomes begin to condense into long strands and begin to look for their homologous pair. In the second substage, zygonema, the chromosomes have found their pairs. The third substage, pachynema, is where crossing over occurs. In addition, the chromosomes are condensed enough so that one can count the number of chromosomes. In the fourth substage, diplonema, portions of the chromosome begin to separate, and the chiasmata (the site where crossing over takes place) is made visible. The last stage, diakenisis, is where the nucleoli disappears, the nuclear membrane disintegrates, and the four tetrads of a pair of homologous chromoso mes are clearly visible (the chromosomes are fully condensed) (Meiosis Prophase I). When looking at the drosophilas, males were easily distinguishable from females. Males were smaller in size compared to the females. The end of the male was more rounded, while the female was pointier. Females had more of a striped pattern on their ends, while males have black as the dominant color. Lastly, males have a sex comb at the joint of each front leg (males also have a penis) (Hammersmith Mertens, 5). In the generalized animal cell, I was able to identify the nucleus and the nuclear envelope. In the human chromosome slide of metaphase, the chromosomes were lined up, which means they were about to be separated. In the human, rat and chorthippus testis, I had a difficult time identifying the different cell types, or cells in different phases of meiosis. Meiosis is an essential process, and if an error occurs, the consequences could be lethal.

The Character of Mama in Alice Walker’s Everyday Use Essay -- essays r

â€Å"I am a large, big boned woman with rough, man-working hands† Mama describes of herself in the short story Everyday Use by Alice Walker. Mama, who additionally takes the role of narrator, is a lady who comes from a wealth of heritage and tough roots. She is never vain, never boastful and most certainly never selfish. She speaks only of her two daughters who she cares deeply for. She analyzes the way she has raised them and how much she has cared too much or too little for them, yet most of all how much they value their family. Mama never speaks of herself, other than one paragraph where she describes what she does. â€Å"My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing† (Walker, 60). She does not need to tell readers who she is, for her descriptions of what she does and how her family interacts, denotes all the reader needs to know. Although Mama narrates this story rather bleakly, she gives readers a sense of l ove and sense of her inner strength to continue heritage through â€Å"Everyday Use†. Regretfully, though readers can see how Mama has had a difficult time in being a single mother and raising two daughters, Dee, the oldest daughter, refuses to acknowledge this. For she instead hold the misconception that heritage is simply material or rather artificial and does not lie in ones heart. However, from Mama’s narrations, readers are aware that this cultural tradition does lie within ones heart, especially those of Mama’s and Maggie’s, and that it is the pure foundation over any external definition. One situation in particular that Mama brings up is the time when she offers to Dee to bring some of the ancestral quilts with her to college. She claims, â€Å"I had offered Dee a quilt whe... ...rn fifty and more years ago. Bits and pieces of Grandpa Jarrell's Paisley shirts. And one teeny faded blue piece . . . that was from Great Grandpa Ezra's uniform that he wore in the Civil War" (Walker, 65). These quilts, which have become an heirloom, not only represent the family, but are an integral part of the family. A concept in which Dee, could just not possibly understand. Mama then grasps the quilts out of Dee’s clutch and places them on Maggie’s lap, for Maggie knows that the quilts are personal and emotional rather than by any means financial (p.66). These quilts are for â€Å"Everyday Use.† In this last scene, Mama proves to herself that you do not need an education, or generation knowledge to be able to posses strength. For Mama had inner strength all along, she just needed her true rich and beautiful beliefs of her heritage to shine through, and they did. The Character of Mama in Alice Walker’s Everyday Use Essay -- essays r â€Å"I am a large, big boned woman with rough, man-working hands† Mama describes of herself in the short story Everyday Use by Alice Walker. Mama, who additionally takes the role of narrator, is a lady who comes from a wealth of heritage and tough roots. She is never vain, never boastful and most certainly never selfish. She speaks only of her two daughters who she cares deeply for. She analyzes the way she has raised them and how much she has cared too much or too little for them, yet most of all how much they value their family. Mama never speaks of herself, other than one paragraph where she describes what she does. â€Å"My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing† (Walker, 60). She does not need to tell readers who she is, for her descriptions of what she does and how her family interacts, denotes all the reader needs to know. Although Mama narrates this story rather bleakly, she gives readers a sense of l ove and sense of her inner strength to continue heritage through â€Å"Everyday Use†. Regretfully, though readers can see how Mama has had a difficult time in being a single mother and raising two daughters, Dee, the oldest daughter, refuses to acknowledge this. For she instead hold the misconception that heritage is simply material or rather artificial and does not lie in ones heart. However, from Mama’s narrations, readers are aware that this cultural tradition does lie within ones heart, especially those of Mama’s and Maggie’s, and that it is the pure foundation over any external definition. One situation in particular that Mama brings up is the time when she offers to Dee to bring some of the ancestral quilts with her to college. She claims, â€Å"I had offered Dee a quilt whe... ...rn fifty and more years ago. Bits and pieces of Grandpa Jarrell's Paisley shirts. And one teeny faded blue piece . . . that was from Great Grandpa Ezra's uniform that he wore in the Civil War" (Walker, 65). These quilts, which have become an heirloom, not only represent the family, but are an integral part of the family. A concept in which Dee, could just not possibly understand. Mama then grasps the quilts out of Dee’s clutch and places them on Maggie’s lap, for Maggie knows that the quilts are personal and emotional rather than by any means financial (p.66). These quilts are for â€Å"Everyday Use.† In this last scene, Mama proves to herself that you do not need an education, or generation knowledge to be able to posses strength. For Mama had inner strength all along, she just needed her true rich and beautiful beliefs of her heritage to shine through, and they did.

Alice Walkers Roselily Essay -- essays research papers

Alice Walkers "Roselily" is a short story about a woman who is about to be married, but is having second thoughts about the marriage. She is also looking into the past and the future trying to make sense of what is happening. Roselily is being torn between choosing between her current or possible future Economic status, Societies view of her, her religion and her freedom. All these thoughts go through her mind as the wedding ceremony takes place, and she begins to wonder if she has made the right choice is marrying this man. Changing religion is one of the first things that is discussed. After the initial set up of the story Roselily thinks of â€Å"ropes, chains, handcuffs, his religion.† She is a Christian and he is Muslim. After they are married she will convert into a Muslim because that is what her husband wants her to be. She knows that things will be very different as a Muslim; there will be very strict rules that she will have to follow. She gives an example of this when she says â€Å"His place of worship. Where will she be required to sit apart with covered head†. This seems scary to her because she begins to feel the pressure of the marriage building; she begins to think if she wants a life like that. If she does choose to marry him and that life one of the advantages for Roselily, is that she will move up from poverty to not having to worry about money on a day to day basis. She worked in a sewing plant in Mississippi, but in Chicago she is not expected to work, but r...