Priorities Within Scottish Education

Priorities Within Scottish EducationEducation Scotland makes certain comprehension body is a key priority within Scottish education. The purpose of the written material is to discuss in detail why inclusion takes precedence and what the significant change in meaning proposes for schools and teachers today. In order to do this effectively, the writing give demonstrate an understanding of the concept of an comprehensive school and what exactly it entails. Particular aspects of an inclusive school will be considered, such as, the curriculum, disability, behaviour management and life-style of gypsy and travelling families. These aspects will be examined thoroughly to suggest implications for me as an somebody teacher. It is necessary to analyse the professional impact of inclusion policies and draw on placement experience, offering exemplification of how inclusion was reflected. Throughout, findings from literature and other sources will be referred to in order to justify the piece of writing, informing discussion and argument.In previous years on that point has been a growing debate regarding the meaning of inclusion. The original meaning was solely based on children who a disability or acquire need. The term special educational needs (SEN) was established by the 1978 Warnock Report (Department for Education and Science (DES), 1978) and was seen as a more acceptable substance of viewing children, than the earlier definition of handicaps which derived from the Education (Mentally Handicapped Children) (Scotland) crop 1974.The expressions integration or mainstreaming were used to direct the attention to children with SEN who were placed in mainstream schools. Thus, came the idea from Warnock (DES, 1978) who believed there were three key types of integration. These were, locational, social and functional (DES, 1978). Locational was when children with SEN were placed in a unit/base within a mainstream school, however were distanced from the mainstream childr en. Social was seen to be when children with SEN were incorporated with mainstream children for social events, but were separated for the rest of the time. Lastly, functional was where children, regardless of disability, were located in their local mainstream school and placed in the same classroom as their mainstream peers.Shortly afterwards, advances meant that the term integration was used more astrayly to describe provision rather than the three key types defined in the Warnock Report (DES, 1978). This cauline further controversy concerning the exact meaning of integration. The term was criticised and was later claimed that integration was not anxious with the worth of childrens experiences in mainstream schools but much rather the inclusive pedagogy (Farrell and Ainscow 2002). While children were included in the school environment, the principles of an inclusive school were not meeting their purpose. Allan (2008), as cited by Bryce and Humes (2008) argued that even children in mainstream schools could be separate (feel isolated) within a classroom, which posed the question, how were teachers to know if childrens needs were met adequately?For several reasons, the term SEN was emphasised which lead to a more common way in describing the degree to which a child who had SEN, was truly integrated within mainstream schools (Farrell and Ainscow, 2002). In this sense, the term signified the degree to which a school was welcoming and valued individual contributions. Inclusion, therefore, had to more effective in allowing all children to be included and participate fully in the tuition environment in order for individual learning needs to be met. Within my placement school there were three support classes where all experiences were catered for individual childrens needs. Staff worked effectively to ensure all children from the supported classes attended appropriate mainstream classes. For example, one boy in the supported class 7/6/5 attended Primary 4 on a Wedn esday morning for Maths. Unfortunately, several schools have not yet moved with the times and still believe children with a disability or who have severe learning difficulties must be segregated from their mainstream peers (Ekens and Grimes, 2009). I will ensure my positive attitude to this shines through and everything possible is done to include and meet childrens needs.The United Nations meeting on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) was established in 1989 and was the first legislative document to deal with the rights of the child globally. The agreement has 54 articles which highlight the importance of human rights. umpteen of the rights are centred on inclusion, particular within education. Two articles that emphasise this are article 28 and 29 which give children the entitlement to an education and affirm that education ought to growth childrens talents in enabling them to reach their full potential. It is evident from placement experience how difficult it is for teachers to p rogress all children to allow them to reach their full potential. This is due to the wide range of abilities there is within any one classroom. Although this is the aim for all teachers, it is a compound matter that requires great skill in achieving (Loreman, Deppeler and Harvey, 2009).Coinciding with the UNCRC (1989), the Standards in Scotlands Schools Etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 made clear all children go to mainstream schools unless factors, such as unsuitability, harmfulness to other children or cost prohibited children in doing so. The Act had many similarities with the UNCRC (1989) however the main change was that it passed on the right to children to have a say in their education rather than it solely being follow out to their parents/carers having the decision. Unlike the Warnock Report (DES, 1978) these two pieces of legislation moved away from integration and concentrated more on inclusion. It was clear from this that forthcoming legislation was considering the concept of in clusion much wider than just disability.Count Us In Achieving Inclusion in Scottish Schools (Her Majestys Inspectorate of Education (HMIE), 2003) was one of the forthcoming documents to have a different perspective. The distinguish stressed the prominence of inclusion being a key priority within Scottish education. Throughout the report, suggestions are given to teachers on how to approach inclusion and features of what makes an inclusive school are stated. One feature focuses on providing an inclusive curriculum for all children using the support from services and outer agencies to help intensify learning. Both Cline and Frederickson (2009) as well believe this is a significant factor in developing an inclusive school. The Scottish curriculum, Curriculum for Excellence (CfE) (Scottish Government, 2007) caters for children aged from three to eighteen and provides a smooth and seamless transition from sector to sector. Every sector use the same curriculum which not only is inclusi ve for children but also for staff as this is maintained right through to secondary school. Those who are involved in childrens learning collaborate effectively ensuring previous learning is construct upon, making transition and learning as inclusive as possible (Scottish Government, 2007). This links with the principle coherence of CfE (Scottish Government, 2007) which stresses the importance of learning being clearly committed and developed from previous experiences. Reeves and Fox (2008) however, disagree with the curriculum being inclusive in this sense as they say that it is school practices that influence teachers attitudes. If schools disregard cooperative approaches as an effective step to successful transition then they will take no pride in doing so, which results in the curriculum being outlying(prenominal) from inclusive. Having awareness of the benefits, I will endeavour to cooperate with other professionals to make childrens transitions as efficient as possible.

The Widening Scope Of Information Systems Information Technology Essay

The Widening Scope Of Information Systems Information Technology EssayIn this literature review officiate has been carried step up in my chosen field by concerning antithetic books, electronic journals and other web resources to conduct this literature review.Introduction to Information TechnologyThe border discipline engine room is widely used to describe an patience in reality by instruction technology I mean the use of different hardware and software for protecting, assembling, utilizing and gibeling cultivation. The use of computers and different software for training management is also refers as MIS, management information organization or erect information system in different companies. Large companys MIS are responsible to carry out following activities-Storing informationProtecting informationProcessing the informationTransmitting the information as necessaryRetrieving information as necessaryTo accomplish its complex task Information technology department is requi red to lend oneself computers, computers, servers, database management systems, and cryptography. The modern IT department would be comprised of several System Administrators, Database Administrators and at least one Information Technology Manager. Normally the whole team is calculate to report to the Chief Information Officer (CIO).Source MSc Information Systems Computing. Latest Theory Meets Latest Technology. www.Brunel.ac.uk/ISThe outfit scope of information systemsAccording to Lauden Laudon,( 2004) The widening scope of information system is the new relationship between organization and information system, there is a growing interdependence between business strategy, rules and procedures, on one hand and information system software, hardware, database and telecommunications on another. A change in any of these components often requires change in other component. These relationships become unfavorable when management plan for future. What a business would like to do five ye ars often depends on what its systems will be able to do. Increasing merchandise share becoming high-quality or low -cost procedure, developing new procedures and increasing employee productivity depends more on the kinds and quality of information systems in the organization.A insurgent change in relationship between information system and organization results from the growing reach and scope of system projects and application. Building and managing system today involves a much larger part of the organization than it did in the past .as the firm become more like digital firms the system enterprise extends to customer, vendors and even industry competitors. where early systems produced largely technical changes that effected only a few people in the firm .contemporary systems have been bringing about managerial changes (who has what information about whom when, and how often)and institutional core changes (what product and services are produces ,under what conditions ,and by whom) as companies move towards digital firm organization ,nearly all the firms managers and employees as Ill as customers and vendors-participates in a variety of firm systems tied together by a digital information web. for instance ,what a customer does on a firms web site can trigger an employee to make an on the spot pricing decision or alert a firms suppliers of potential stock out situations.Approaches of TechnologyLauden Laudon,( 2004) has presented two approaches to describe IT systems -Technological approach the technological approach to information system emphasizes mathematically, based models to study information system, as Ill as the physical technology and formal capabilities of these systems. The disciplines that transmit to the technical approach are computer science, management science and operations research. Computer science is concerned with establishing theories of computability, methods of high-octane data storage and access .management science emphasizes the deve lopment of models for decisions making and management practice. Operations research focuses .on mathematical techniques for optimizing selected parameters of organization such as transportation, inventory control and transaction cost.Behavioral approach an important part of the information systems field is concerned with behavioral issues that arise in the development and long term maintains of information systems. Issues such as strategic business integration, design, implementation, utilization and management cannot be explored usefully with the method used in the technical approach .other behavioral disciplines contribute important concepts and method. I-E sociologist study information system with eye towards how groups and organization shape the development of system and also how system affects the individuals groups and organizations. Psychological study information systems with an wager in how humans decision maker perceive and use formal information. Economist study informat ion system with an interest I what impact system have on control and cost structures within the firm and within markets. (Lauden Laudon)The behavioral approach does not ignore technology .indeed information system technology is often the stimulus for a behavioral problem or issue .but the focus of this approach is generally not on technical solution .instead in concentrates on change in attitude ,management and organization policy and behavior .IT Production Global marketInformation technology is software producing sector, hence it occupy greater potential for brightening up the economy of any country. It is evident particular that IT has a unique cost structure, I all are aware of the fact that producing information is an expensive act but reproducing information in extremely inexpensive. This leads towards attaining extraordinary economies of scale and increasing returns to investment. Tremendous export opportunity exists in founding global market for this labor intensive ind ustrys products. This industry has rapidly found a place in global market and progressively increasing its share. From 1997 the information technology has expanded its market has significantly. International penetration of software exports is expected to increase by 200 percent over the coming few years. onshore tailored applications and packaged applications to the United States and Europe will be influential factors that supported and lead this growth, USs market place possess more than half of the consulting chances. referable to soft nature of domestic markets, several IT firms seek to get place in international market.Presently in the Middle East, most IT spending goes to opening move Resource Planning (ERP) (about 60-70%). Somewhere between $ 100-200 million is also spent by GCC countries alone a year on ERP. Moreover, Customer Relationship forethought (CRM) solutions have become an important and critical success factor in this business CRM applications are expected to wit ness a sharp rise in the next few years, especially among banking, telecomm, and utilities sectors (American Chamber 2000). There exist a large room for capitalist and opportunist to take considerable advantage of trustworthy situation. It is also counted among very important industries in the Indian economy. The IT industry of India has registered huge growth in recent years. Indias IT industry grew from 150 million US Dollars in 1990-1991 to a whopping 50 billion UD Dollars in 2006-2007. In the last ten years the Information Technology industry in India has grown at an average annual rate of 30%.Source Nagla Rizk , 2001, Information Technology and Growth publication of The American University in Cairo web source http//www.luc.edu/orgs/meea/volume4/RizkRevised.htm)

African Minkisi and American Culture Essay -- essays research papers

African Minkisi and American CultureI. Introduction     African Minkisi have been used for hundreds of years in atomic number 74 Central Africa, This area where they are tradition solelyy from was once known as the kingdom of Kongo, when Europeans started settling and trading with the BaKongo people. Kongo was a well-known state throughout a lot of the world by the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The BaKongo, however, had probably long used minkisi before ethnographers and anthropologists ever recorded them. Minkisi are complex items that are used to be cured _or_ healed and to harm people, and there is no equivalent term for nkisi in any European language. A seventeenth century Dutch geographer first wrote of the nkisi, and said that, These Ethiopians that is, the BaKongo see moquisie minkisi everything in which resides, in their opinion, a secret and incomprehensible virtue to do them good or ill, and to reveal event of past and future (Williams, 13). T he term illness, in this context, is quite different than what we refer to illness. Illness, to the BaKongo, meant anything from sickness, to loss of property, and the inability to succeed in things like school and work. . The perpetual struggle with the unseen forces that cause illness and misfortunes was (and is) called struggle in Kongo (MacGaffey, 98). A war is ended when one side of the struggle proves that they have better magic. The objects themselves are extremely complex, and most of them require hours of, painstaking childbed to construct (MacGaffey, 33). All minkisi, whether in the form of wooden figures, snail shells, raffia bags, or clay pots, are containers for medicines that empowers them (MacGaffey, 43). The usual containers included the shells of large snails, antelope horns, cloth bags, gourds, and clay pots. Although minkisi in museums are usually wooden figurines and statues, containers of this kind may well have been the minority (MacGaffey, 63). Without medi cines, the minkisi are nothing, they are not alive, nor can they perform their functions. To BaKongo, all exceptional powers result from some sort of communication with the dead (MacGaffey, 59). Chiefs, witches, diviners/prophets, and magicians could all do this, especially through and with the help of the minkisi. There are rules and ways of doing things with them, to them, that interpret so many aspects of Kongo cultu... ...t, with a mirror-stoppered cow horn of clairvoyance (vititi mensu), musical instruments used in sacred ritual, and elaborate beaded artwork. A red let up with protective signs hangs on the wall behind the nkisi to protect the altar, its owner and his family from harm.The basic Kongo cosmogram is a cross within a circle, dikenga, that is a symbolic chart of the sail of the soul. As a miniature of the sun, the soul is thought to have four moments -- birth, efflorescence, fading and the return in the dawn of a coming day. Triangles, diamonds, spirals, or criss crosses have-to doe with this cyclical movement. The soul, which is thought by the Bakongo to reside in the forehead, is often represented in diamond form and can be seen on many African masks. The exhibition includes such masks -- 19th century Punu, Teke (Tsaaye), and Chokwe masks, and a 20th century Vili mask ringed with feathers. In addition, a fully feathered Mardi gras "Wild world" costume from New Orleans, reminiscent of Kongo feather masks and headdresses worn by healers, is a living example of the creolized Kongo traditions found in the United States.http//www.art3st.com/various_pages/faceofthegods.html

Why Marc Antony is a Round Character :: essays research papers

William Shakespeare wonderfully develops the use Marc Antony in his play Julius Caesar to be a round character. Round characters meaning a character that has earthly concerny traits and isnt predictable. Antony, who seems to not have many different traits at the beginning of Julius Caesar, really starts showing his real self after Caesars death. That in addition shows that he is unpredictable.Antonys monologues and soliloquies really help to show readers Antony as a round character. A fewer traits these soliloquies and monologues show are that he is manipulative and smart, merely also caring and loving. Other traits Antony shows include agreeable, but capable of being in charge athletic popular and able to give recognition where it is deserved. alike(p) most people, Antony has both bad and good traits, and his speeches reflect that.The manipulative nature of Antony proves true two times. The first time is when Antony is speaking at Caesars funeral. Antony is manipulating the herd by using pauses and by talking Brutus up. This is what Antony says in that instance, Yet Brutus says he was ambitious and Brutus is an honorable man. (Act III, scene ii, lines 94-95) Antony is saying maybe Brutus is right because he says Caesar was ambitious, and Brutus is, in fact, a very honorable man. In another instance he says, Have patience, gentle friends, I must not read it, speaking of Caesars will. (Act III, scene ii, line 141) Antony is trying to get the people excited about the will, so they will tell him to read it by acting like he shouldnt read it. The second time Antony shows that he is manipulative when he wants to change Caesars will. At that time Antony proves himself by saying, But, Lepidus, go you to Caesars polarity Fetch the will hither, and we shall determine how to cut off some charge in legacies. (Act IV, scene I, lines 7-9) Antony is telling Lepidus to go get the will so they cannister change it. Antonys ability to be manipulative is well proven in these instances.The loving side of Antony that allows him to give recognition where it is deserved is shown a few times. One time comes close after Caesars death. Antony says, Thou art the ruins of the noblest man that ever lived in the tide of the times, and it shows his love for Caesar by saying that the noblest man he ever knew was now dead.

Araby(loss Of Innocence) Essay -- essays research papers

Loss Of InnocenceIn James Joyces Araby the boys loss of innocence may be confusing and evenpainful only at the same time it is important . It begins his journey into adulthood . The boy in Araby is experiencing something all told young men experience , the first crush . It is a time in his life where he is having new feelings, and trying to express those feelings to the object of his bosom is next to impossible . Even the simple act of watching Mangans sister brings up emotions in the boy . To say the least the boy is cut across when Mangans sisteractually speaks to him . He is in fact so overcome that he doesnt even know how heanswered the girl . To think a girl he has secretly watched every day and shyly followed from a distance while he walked to school is actually showing him some precaution .Unfortunately for the boy the attention is mistaken for something more than it is.As the boy waits for the day he can go to the bazaar , he thinks of nothing exceptMangans sister. Th e boy sees her when he is going to sleep , when he wakes , and in school in his papers. The boy wants nothing more than to see Mangans sister again , but ,in his mind for him to do that he needs to get her something from Araby. The boy is so charged from his encounter that he says he wishes to annihilate the days separating him from going to Araby and at last Mangans sister . Finally when the day has arrived that he can go to Araby he has to wait for Uncle to get home . To the boys dismay his ...

EDGAR ALLAN POE AND BREAST CANCER :: essays research papers fc

Dealing with such a frightful disease like breast crabmeat can be very painful, being the love one of that unfortunate person can be just as painful. Edgar Allan Poe is an author best known for his tragic meter and heart-wrenching tales of mystery. His past indicates that it had a huge impact on his life, contributing to his insanity. The enormous amount of tragedy that has surrounded Edgar Allan Poe, all his life, makes him a great candidate for piece of writing a common love story struck by all the agonies of sudden death.With the loss of someone special in your life often comes that unexpendable void, when losing them to a long-suffering battle like breast cancer, many tend to mourn uncontrollably which is normal. Breast cancer is a frightening disease. It can be fatal and while two thirds of the cases among mature women. It also strikes younger females and nine thousand males each year ( Landau 13). Many believe that cancer patients ar the strongest persons alive, the lov e ones try to be strong for them but eventually ends up losing there way.In this day and age Cancer has started become an epidemic. Doctors have diagnosed hundreds of different types of cancer which can strike at anytime. Soon everyone will suffer or will have suffered from this social problem. Cancer is a general term apply to indicate more than 100 separate diseases, but all marked by the common characterists of abnormal cell growth regulating mechanisms ( Rodgers 14). Fortunately, with the advance in technology growing every day, many cancer diagnoses can be regulated or even cured with simple surgery.Tragedy and pain are two things known all too well by poet Edgar Allan Poe. While hed never suffered from any disease before he did from the unplayful feeling of loss. Edgar Allan Poe as a young man at the age of twenty- seven, he married his cousin Virginia Clemm in 1836, she was only thirteen years grizzly ( Zachary 49). Eliza Arnold Hopkins was a skilled actress who charmed theater audiences throughout the eastern United States. Sadly , she died at the age of twenty-four and left her son Edgar an orphan (Ibid 10). In his lifetime Edgar Allan Poe lost almost all the women in his, from his Mother, Eliza Arnold Hopkins Poe, to his wife, Virginia Clemm Poe, who both died of tuberculosis.

Origins of Prehistoric People in North and South America Essay

IntroductionResearches on the beginnings of coastal adaptation and exploitation of mari m adaptations flip been carried out by John Erlandson and colleagues. at that place are existing anthropological theories which are over 10, 000 BP but Erlandson believes that the societies of hunter-gather used aquatic resources and among them were popular terrestrial hunter-gatherers (Slaymaker, 2007). This has been challenging since it is difficult to define exactly constitutes of fully maritime culture. There is also the change in environment in which there are rise and fall of sea levels and erosion of coastal environments. This paper discusses different theories that have emerged on the origin of previous(predicate) Americans. It looks at the Clovis first model, coastal migration theory which is based on Kelp Highway Hypothesis. Further it desc guyes the Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets that might have facilitated the migration of early Americans. Finally it explains the scientific method and the reason why this method cannot be applied in determining the origin of the first Americans. The origin of the North and reciprocal ohm America has raised concerns for many years. Archaeologists in 1927, who was working near Folsom, New Mexico found a stone spear point embedded in the rib cage of an extinct bison. This gave a hint of the existence of mammals and that humans had arrived in North America in the late Pleistocene. This was about 11000 years ago. Years later, a long spear was also discovered near Clovis in New Mexico that was believed to have existed 11200 years ago (Straus, 1996).Clovis first theoryAt this time of the breakthrough of Clovis and Folsom, Clovis first theory with little evidence developed and was accepted as fact. The theory claimed... ...ReferencesGrandson, J. (1994). Early hunter-gatherers of the California coast. New York Plenum Press.Erlandson, J., Rick, T. C., & Vellanoweth, R. L. (2008). A canyon through time Archaeology, history, an d ecology of the Tecolote Canyon area, Santa Barbara County, California. Salt Lake City University of Utah Press.Goudie, A., & Parker, A. (2013). Global environments through the Quaternary Exploring environmental change. Oxford Oxford University Press.Lucassen, J., Lucassen, L., & Manning, P. (2010). Migration history in world history Multidisciplinary approaches. Leiden Brill.Slaymaker, O., & Kelly, R. E. J. (2007). The cryosphere and global environmental change. Malden, MA Blackwell Pub.Straus, L. G. (1996). Humans at the end of the Ice Age The archaeology of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. New York u.a. Plenum Press.